{"id":30060,"date":"2023-07-03T05:34:15","date_gmt":"2023-07-02T22:34:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monsiteweb.be\/portrait-dalexandre-yersin\/"},"modified":"2023-10-06T09:17:04","modified_gmt":"2023-10-06T02:17:04","slug":"portrait-dalexandre-yersin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/portrait-dalexandre-yersin\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00e2n dung Alexandre Yersin"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.22.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h1><span>Alexandre Yersin l\u00e0 ai ?<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>Alexandre \u00c9mile Jean Yersin (22 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1863 t\u1ea1i Aubonne, T\u1ed5ng Vaud, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 &#8211; 1 th\u00e1ng 3, 1943 t\u1ea1i Nha Trang, Vi\u1ec7t Nam) l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 y khoa, nh\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p g\u1ed1c Th\u1ee5y S\u0129. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 Cao nguy\u00ean L\u00e2m Vi\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u1ea1ch ra m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb Trung K\u1ef3 sang Cao Mi\u00ean, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i).<\/p>\n<p>Yersin \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch, sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u00ean \u00f4ng: Yersinia pestis.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RWgMmUMAlUQ\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>[\/et_pb_code][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/eO0vTjBNuOw\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;2_5,3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/monsiteweb.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alexandre-yersin-institutpasteur_46576.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Alexandre Yersin&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Alexandre Yersin&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.22.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">THI\u1ebeU TH\u1edcI<\/h3>\n<p>Yersin l\u00e0 con \u00fat trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi con. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Tin L\u00e0nh C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Vaud. M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Huguenot \u1edf C\u00e9vennes ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o sau khi Louis XIV ra Ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 Fontainbleau n\u0103m 1685 thu h\u1ed3i Ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 Nantes do Henri IV ban h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1598. L\u00fac \u1ea5y T\u1ed5ng Vaud c\u00f2n thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Savoie, sau gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1798 v\u00e0 gia nh\u1eadp Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1803.<\/p>\n<p>Cha \u00f4ng, Alexandre (1825-1863), l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc \u1edf Aubonne v\u00e0 Morges, ki\u00eam nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1c kho thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang, v\u00e0 say m\u00ea nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. \u00d4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ba tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Yersin ra \u0111\u1eddi do b\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft n\u00e3o. M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i ba con (\u00c9milie, Franck, v\u00e0 Alexandre), d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Morges, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y b\u00e0 m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y n\u1eef c\u00f4ng gia ch\u00e1nh v\u00e0 cung c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.22.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">H\u1eccC V\u1ea4N<\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trung h\u1ecdc, n\u0103m 1883 Yersin \u0111\u1ebfn Lausanne \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc y khoa, r\u1ed3i sang Marburg, \u0110\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u tr\u00fa \u1edf Marburg, qua b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Yersin \u0111\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 David Livingstone \u2013 nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scotland \u2013 v\u00e0 Livingstone tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho ch\u00e0ng trai Yersin nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o. N\u0103m 1885, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i H\u00f4tel-Dieu de Paris (b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t Paris, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Khoa Y thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris Descartes). Tin t\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0ng sinh vi\u00ean y khoa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. N\u0103m 1886, \u00f4ng gia nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Louis Pasteur t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m Paris (\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure) do l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00c9mile Roux, v\u00e0 tham gia vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n huy\u1ebft thanh ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh d\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede tu\u1ed5i 25, ngay sau khi nh\u1eadn v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Y khoa v\u1edbi lu\u1eadn \u00e1n \u00c9tude sur le D\u00e9veloppement du Tubercule Exp\u00e9rimental (Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao b\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m), Yersin li\u1ec1n sang Berlin \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp ghi danh theo h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp vi tr\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt do Robert Koch gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Paris, Yersin xin nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch Ph\u00e1p b\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u00fac \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 y. \u00d4ng gia nh\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur \u1edf Paris m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1889 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Roux, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 b\u1ea1ch h\u1ea7u (do tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n Corynebacterium diphtheriae t\u1ea1o ra).<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">\u0110\u1ebeN \u0110\u00d4NG D\u01af\u01a0NG<\/h3>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea7y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec9nh cao \u1edf Paris. N\u0103m 1890, Yersin quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p). Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 26 tu\u1ed5i, Yersin m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y bi\u1ec3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, l\u00fac \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111i c\u00f4ng c\u00e1n \u1edf l\u00e0ng ch\u00e0i Grandcamp. Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u01a1i m\u1edf kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai x\u00e1n l\u1ea1n trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf Paris nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Pasteur. Yersin vi\u1ebft cho m\u1eb9, \u201cCon s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bu\u1ed3n n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi Paris v\u00ec con th\u1ea5y ch\u00e1n ng\u1ea5y k\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u00e1m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u l\u00e0m con kinh t\u1edfm, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i th\u00ec c\u00f2n g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Khi bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c Yersin \u1edf l\u1ea1i Paris, Pasteur b\u00e8n vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho C\u00f4ng ty Messageries Maritimes (V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i), \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed Yersin l\u00e0m b\u00e1c s\u0129 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u.<\/p>\n<p>Yersin nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u Volga, m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u c\u0169 k\u1ef9 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed3m v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u2013 Manila, chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf 67 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch c\u00f9ng v\u00e0i t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. \u0110ang l\u00fac l\u00e0m b\u00e1c s\u0129 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u Volga, qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 Manila, Yersin t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m du \u1edf Philippines v\u00e0 Nam K\u1ef3, t\u00edch l\u0169y ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m cho \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Albert Calmette, m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Pasteur, \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p Yersin \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m sau, Yersin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n sang tuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i m\u1edbi m\u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u2013 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, l\u00e0m b\u00e1c s\u0129 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u Saigon tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng n\u1eeda t\u00e0u Volga, di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n. Th\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n hai mi\u1ec1n nam b\u1eafc. Yersin d\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i tr\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00fd h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00f4n tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thu th\u1eadp ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea3 chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ebfn v\u1ec1, con t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf Nha Trang, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecbnh n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00ean t\u0129nh \u0111\u1ea7y n\u1eafng. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn Nha Trang, Yersin c\u0169ng b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eefng s\u1edd b\u1edfi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t hoang d\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ea3ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb9p r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, b\u00ean tr\u00ean s\u1eebng s\u1eefng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai m\u00e2y m\u00f9 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng ai \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n<p>Andrien Loir, ch\u00e1u ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Pasteur, t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p Yersin k\u00eau g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00f4n c\u0169 cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7n Pasteur \u1edf \u00dac l\u00fac \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng Yersin t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Calmette tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">TH\u00c1M HI\u1ec2M<\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Yersin t\u1ea1i Nha Trang, nay l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng An.<br class=\"autobr\" \/>N\u0103m 1891, Yersin xin th\u00f4i vi\u1ec7c \u1edf Messageries, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Nha Trang. \u00d4ng cho d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 g\u1ed7 \u1edf X\u00f3m C\u1ed3n, v\u00e0 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m. \u00d4ng N\u0103m (Yersin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf) l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c2u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 trong v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n kh\u00e1m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u00e1u m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng khi \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa hai h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y, trong khi v\u1eabn luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp ch\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec1n d\u00e3. \u00d4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m du h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai, v\u00e0o \u1edf trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ecdi (c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd), h\u1ecdc ch\u00fat \u00edt ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, s\u0103n b\u1eafn, v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<p>Mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0o S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Yersin \u0111i ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ebfn Phan R\u00ed, thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o r\u1eebng, \u00f4ng t\u00ecm ra cao nguy\u00ean Di Linh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i ti\u1ebfp, ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Phan Thi\u1ebft, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y thuy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 Nha Trang. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, Yersin v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 d\u1ea3i r\u1eebng n\u00fai b\u00ed hi\u1ec3m d\u1ecdc theo d\u00e3y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n, l\u00fac \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf hoang vu, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb Nha Trang ven Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng b\u0103ng qua d\u00e3y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng Mekong ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia. Yersin s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f2m c\u00f5i \u0111ang c\u1ea1n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 mua trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m. Ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1892, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, v\u1edbi v\u00e0i con ng\u1ef1a, hai con voi, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang s\u0103n hi\u1ec7u Winschester, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Yersin kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb Nha Trang ra Ninh H\u00f2a r\u1ed3i l\u00ean Ban M\u00ea Thu\u1ed9t. Ba th\u00e1ng sau khi r\u1eddi Nha Trang, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn Stung Treng b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Mekong. Yersin b\u00e1n l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5y con ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 voi r\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh l\u00ean thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Phnom Penh. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u00f4ng v\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1edfi sang Luang Prabang b\u00ean L\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ghi nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Pavie, r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 Paris.[24] Yersin v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p, \u1edf l\u1ea1i Paris trong ba th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi danh theo h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Thi\u00ean v\u0103n Montsouris, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i gia nh\u1eadp Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Pavie. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Pasteur, Yersin nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a H\u00e3ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 mua d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u00eam kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n trang tr\u1ea3i chi ph\u00ed cho nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1892, \u00edt l\u00e2u sau chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, theo l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a Albert Calmette, Yersin gia nh\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n y s\u0129 h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Sau 28 n\u0103m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, n\u0103m 1920 \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Qu\u00e2n y.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1893, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7y th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Jean-Marie de Lanessan, Yersin t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a ra \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai, l\u00ean Di Linh, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 Cao nguy\u00ean L\u00e2m Vi\u00ean. Trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1893, Yersin ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 v\u00e0i l\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c D\u2019Lat[27] n\u1eb1m r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong v\u00f9ng, \u201cT\u1eeb trong r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc ra t\u00f4i s\u1eefng s\u1edd khi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean hoang vu gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y. S\u1ef1 h\u00f9ng v\u0129 c\u1ee7a r\u1eb7ng Langbiang h\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi t\u00e2y b\u1eafc t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7, gia t\u0103ng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y.\u201d \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1899, t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Yersin kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Paul Doumer cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c2u ch\u00e2u, sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<p>Yersin t\u1ea1i Cao nguy\u00ean L\u00e2m Vi\u00ean, n\u0103m 1893<br class=\"autobr\" \/>V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng, nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed &#8211; quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i quanh co d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n l\u00e1 r\u1eebng. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i, Yersin ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1, khi v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u00e2n quen v\u1eeba b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp \u2013 kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 t\u00f9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u1ee5c \u2013 \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1. C\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi can \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, Yersin quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh truy \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1edbp, k\u1ecbp khi b\u1ecdn ch\u00fang d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed1t l\u1eeda v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m. Yersin gi\u01a1 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang ng\u1eafn l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng Th\u1ee5c, th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh b\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1edbp, nh\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u1ec7ch n\u00f2ng s\u00fang. Yersin l\u0129nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1t ch\u00f9y v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n g\u00e3y c\u1ea3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ecb r\u1ef1a ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t n\u1eeda ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i, b\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e2m ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o ng\u1ef1c. B\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u1ecf \u0111i v\u00ec \u0111inh ninh Yersin \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. Theo s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Yersin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kho\u00e9t r\u1ed9ng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u00fat m\u0169i gi\u00e1o, kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, n\u1eb9p ch\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7t \u00f4ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc c\u00e1ng k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng tre v\u00e0 d\u00e2y r\u1eebng, khi\u00eang \u0111i su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn Phan Rang. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn b\u00e1o cho Calmette \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1edfi thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn. Trong khi c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean s\u1eb9o, Yersin d\u00e0nh th\u00ec gi\u1edd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, vi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh, v\u1ebd b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<p>Yersin chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 ba, chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tham v\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edf m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi t\u1eeb Trung K\u1ef3 sang L\u00e0o, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Pavie qua \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Yersin l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, Th\u1ee5c b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m x\u00fac.<\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1893, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu &#8211; ngo\u00e0i 54 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t to\u00e1n l\u00ednh t\u1eadp mang s\u00fang theo h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng. &#8211; Yersin kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a l\u00ean \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, \u0111i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn cao nguy\u00ean \u0110\u1eafk L\u1eafk, v\u00e0o Attopeu \u1edf nam L\u00e0o, r\u1ed3i \u0111i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng ra bi\u1ec3n. Yersin \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1894. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba n\u00e0y th\u0103m d\u00f2 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 11 \u1edf ph\u00eda nam \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb s\u00f4ng Mekong \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. Trang nh\u1eadt k\u00fd ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 4 c\u1ee7a Yersin ghi, \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp. Trong 4 ng\u00e0y li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u00fai hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, tr\u00e8o xu\u1ed1ng, leo l\u00ean, c\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e3i l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. C\u00e2y c\u1ed1i chen ch\u00fac. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f2m l\u01b0ng chui qua c\u00e1c b\u1ee5i tre. V\u00ec tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a n\u00ean r\u1eebng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1ecb s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba&#8230;\u201d<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U B\u1ec6NH D\u1ecaCH H\u1ea0CH<\/h3>\n<p>T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Yersin t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Y khoa H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng<br class=\"autobr\" \/>Trong khi Yersin \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Trung Hoa v\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1894, d\u1ecbch ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong cao, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 giao d\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Trung Hoa, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1eed Yersin \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1894, Yersin \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng v\u0169ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong c\u00e1c khu v\u01b0\u1eddn, tr\u00ean ghe thuy\u1ec1n \u0111ang c\u1eafm neo. Yersin li\u1ec1n ghi l\u1ea1i quan s\u00e1t ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u201cT\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chu\u1ed9t ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.\u201d Ba ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, Kitasato \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, Kitasato l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Kennedy Town, Yersin ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ebfn quan s\u00e1t nh\u00f3m Kitasato l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Yersin ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Kitasato: kh\u00e1m nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u v\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn gi\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1eed thi nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecf qua ch\u1ed7 s\u01b0ng b\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m ng\u00e0y sau, \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a Vigano, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd s\u1ed1ng \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, Yersin l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i l\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng tre ph\u1ee7 r\u01a1m v\u1edbi v\u00e0i x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd Vigano \u0111\u00fat ti\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u00e1m l\u00ednh th\u1ee7y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh tr\u00f4ng coi nh\u00e0 x\u00e1c, v\u00e0 Yersin x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi to\u00e1n khoa h\u1ecdc gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt ra \u0111i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef Yersin \u1edf l\u1ea1i H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Kitasato c\u00f2n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng Yersin l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00ecm ra tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Kitasato kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 cho th\u1ea5y \u201cKitasato \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 6 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1894\u201d, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn sau khi Yersin c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 6). Do \u0111\u00f3, \u201ckh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p\u201d c\u1ee7a Kitasato. C\u0169ng n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, v\u00ec v\u1eady, ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a Yersin l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf h\u01a1n trong cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u1edbi Kitasato.<\/p>\n<p>Yersin v\u00e0 l\u00e1n tre ph\u1ee7 r\u01a1m, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng t\u00ecm ra tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch, H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1894.<br class=\"autobr\" \/>Yersin l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u1edf chu\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh. C\u0169ng trong n\u0103m \u1ea5y, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean \u00c9mile Duclaux g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o nhan \u0111\u1ec1 La Peste Bubonique de Hong-Kong (B\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng).<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1895 \u0111\u1ebfn 1897, Yersin nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch. N\u0103m 1895 \u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur \u1edf Paris v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00c9mile Roux, Albert Calmette v\u00e0 Armand Borrel \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf ra huy\u1ebft thanh ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1i Nha Trang \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft thanh, (n\u0103m 1905 vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chi nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur). N\u0103m 1896, \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u1ea1i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i Su\u1ed1i D\u1ea7u, nu\u00f4i ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft thanh.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1896, Yersin \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng Ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ti\u00eam huy\u1ebft thanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Nha Trang cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng sinh \u0111ang m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 mau ch\u00f3ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. \u00d4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch. Yersin ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng huy\u1ebft thanh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 H\u1ea1 M\u00f4n, Formosa (nay l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan), r\u1ed3i Macao. Song, khi \u0111\u1ebfn Bombay, Yersin \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u00e0o b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p, lo\u00e0i chu\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu s\u00e1t sinh, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u2013 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n cho Paul-Louis Simond, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur c\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn thay th\u1ebf \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">N\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P<\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Nha Trang<br class=\"autobr\" \/>Sau Bombay, Yersin quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Nha Trang trong n\u0103m 1898. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Doumer, \u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Nha Trang. R\u1ed3i \u00f4ng mua m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng 500 h\u00e9c-ta \u1edf Su\u1ed1i Giao (nay l\u00e0 Su\u1ed1i D\u1ea7u) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i. \u00d4ng cho tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y c\u00e0-ph\u00ea Liberia, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c, c\u00e2y coca \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4-ca-in s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c, tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m x\u00e1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft thanh ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch cho b\u00f2 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Yersin. Trung t\u00e2m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7n th\u00fa y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y cao su v\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Yersin tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n cao su l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 100 hec-ta, ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi Andr\u00e9 Michelin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Michelin, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00e1nh xe l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1edd c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t n\u00ean l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u00f4ng g\u1edfi ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o Hongkong and Shanghai Bank (nay l\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng HSBC) v\u00e0 mua c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ec1 Nha Trang l\u1eadp trang tr\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m cho m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi Yersin: s\u1ed1ng \u1ea9n d\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau \u00e1nh h\u00e0o quang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 cao nguy\u00ean L\u00e2m Vi\u00ean &#8211; \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea m\u1edbi: nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i. \u00d4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, h\u1ecd b\u00e8n d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n huy\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 Yersin, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb Su\u1ed1i Giao, sau m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m ng\u1eafn v\u1edbi Armand Krempf \u2013 hai ng\u00e0y \u0111i thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 hai ng\u00e0y leo n\u00fai \u2013 Yersin ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai H\u00f2n B\u00e0. Trong n\u0103m 1915, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh di th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, gieo c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 g\u1ed7 ki\u1ec3u Th\u1ee5y S\u0129. \u00d4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn, v\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i hoa. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng m\u1edf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khuy\u00ean d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng b\u1ecf t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00e2y r\u1eebng. \u00d4ng d\u1ef1ng chu\u1ed3ng nu\u00f4i chim v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba r\u1ed9ng 15 000 h\u00e9c-ta c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim l\u1ea1. \u00d4ng tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e2y canh-ki-na \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c k\u00fd ninh ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t. \u00d4ng t\u00ecm ra th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Dran (nay l\u00e0 \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 Di Linh.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c Yersin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c. \u00d4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 v\u0129 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u. \u00d4ng c\u0103m gh\u00e9t b\u00e8 nh\u00f3m, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng \u1ea5y. Thi\u00ean t\u00e0i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c. \u201d<br class=\"autobr\" \/>\u2014Patrick Deville, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n.<\/p>\n<p>Yersin d\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i 30 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 quanh co u\u1ed1n kh\u00fac t\u1eeb Su\u1ed1i Giao l\u00ean H\u00f2n B\u00e0. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn Improver Road Tracer, \u00f4ng \u201c\u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cai An Nam, l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u, \u1edf m\u1ee9c m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.\u201d \u0110\u00f4i khi ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed5 ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1, v\u00e0 \u201cd\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng.\u201d Nh\u1edd con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, Yersin chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00ean ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 g\u1ed7, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e2y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t mua t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Citro\u00ebn b\u00e1nh x\u00edch, c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u201cnh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u00e3 b\u0103ng qua sa m\u1ea1c Sahara.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yersin th\u00edch bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, nh\u00e0 vi tr\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia, r\u1ed3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u00d4ng mua m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf, l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t con di\u1ec1u th\u1eadt l\u1edbn th\u1ea3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 cao m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n m\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n gi\u00f4ng b\u00e3o. \u00d4ng mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng khi b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t t\u00edch tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n m\u1ed7i l\u00fac c\u00f3 l\u1ed1c xo\u00e1y v\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ebfn. Yersin thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c Fichot, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 th\u1ee7y v\u0103n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t say m\u00ea thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn \u1edf X\u00f3m C\u1ed3n v\u1edbi k\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u0103n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y quan tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi, Yersin g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea m\u1edbi: v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u1ede tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Latin, ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p, v\u00e0 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e8dre, Virgile, Horace, Salluste, Cic\u00e9ron, Platon, v\u00e0 D\u00e9mosth\u00e8ne.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">TR\u01af\u1edcNG Y \u0110\u00d4NG D\u01af\u01a0NG<\/h3>\n<p>N\u0103m 1902 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Paul Doumer, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi r\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1eddi Yersin t\u1eeb Nha Trang ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y, m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m v\u1ec7 sinh. Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y \u201c\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u r\u01b0\u1ee1i franc!\u201d M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn, song theo nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a Yersin, \u201cv\u1eabn r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, l\u1ea1i h\u1eefu \u00edch h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1i nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, n\u0103m 1930<br class=\"autobr\" \/>Yersin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00c9cole de M\u00e9decine de l\u2019Indochine (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng), l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d4ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh theo h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p \u2013 s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0nh cho l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u2013 \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edd v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng khai gi\u1ea3ng ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1902, n\u0103m h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 29 sinh vi\u00ean, 15 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb B\u1eafc K\u1ef3, 5 t\u1eeb Trung K\u1ef3, 8 t\u1eeb Nam K\u1ef3, v\u00e0 1 t\u1eeb Cao Mi\u00ean. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng 8 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng. Ghi nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Yersin v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean Y khoa \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u201cH\u1ecd r\u1ea5t ch\u0103m h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc ngang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean Ph\u00e1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh c\u0169ng h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t ch\u0103m. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00d4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0ng Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3c, cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf ph\u1ed1 Bobillot (L\u00ea Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y nay), v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u1edf ph\u1ed1 L\u00f2 \u0110\u00fac.<\/p>\n<p>Sau hai n\u0103m, khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o gu\u1ed3ng, Yersin xin t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Nha Trang.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">T\u1eea TR\u1ea6N<\/h3>\n<p>Trong th\u1eddi gian di\u1ec5n ra Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1943, Yersin t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang \u1edf Nha Trang, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di ch\u00fac, \u201cT\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n \u1edf Su\u1ed1i D\u1ea7u. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00f4ng B\u00f9i Quang Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eef t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Nha Trang, \u0111\u1eebng cho ai \u0111em t\u00f4i \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. M\u1ecdi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i xin t\u1eb7ng h\u1ebft cho Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Nha Trang, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 l\u00e2u n\u0103m. \u0110\u00e1m t\u00e1ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng huy ho\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ebfu v\u0103n.\u201d D\u00f9 v\u1eady, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ti\u1ec5n \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i an ngh\u1ec9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n X\u00f3m C\u1ed3n v\u00e0 Nha Trang than kh\u00f3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tang cho \u00f4ng. \u0110o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a tang d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n ba c\u00e2y s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"spip\">DI S\u1ea2N<\/h3>\n<p>Yersin \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u k\u00fd \u1ee9c s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam,[66] n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng c\u00e1ch th\u00e2n m\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u00d4ng N\u0103m, theo c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Qu\u00e2n y (qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m c\u00f3 n\u0103m v\u1ea1ch).[3] Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo Patrick Deville, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n X\u00f3m C\u1ed3n g\u1ecdi Yersin nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 do \u201c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i lon n\u0103m v\u1ea1ch m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c tr\u1eafng\u201d khi \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf. Yersin t\u1ef1 x\u00f3a m\u1edd m\u00ecnh \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn, s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c g\u1eafn b\u00f3.[68] \u201d<br class=\"autobr\" \/>\u2014No\u00ebl Bernard, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean vi\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed Yersin.<br class=\"autobr\" \/>T\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i theo h\u1ecdc y khoa \u1edf Marburg, Yersin \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 David Livingstone, v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o b\u01b0\u1edbc theo d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scotland sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.[69] Yersin \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 \u1ea5y. Patrick Deville, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 quy\u1ec3n Peste &amp; Chol\u00e9ra \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Femina n\u0103m 2012, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng Yersin l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Tin L\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng Morges v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng Livingstone, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c s\u01b0\u201d.[67]<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1891, khi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn Nha Trang, Yersin y\u00eau m\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0u tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft cho \u00c9mile Roux, \u201cH\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec1u, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh l\u1eafm, m\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea3nh thanh b\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00d4ng s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi c\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 trong x\u00f3m ch\u00e0i nh\u1ecf b\u00e9. \u00d4ng s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ed5 ba t\u1ea7ng, tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t b\u00e1o b\u00e3o cho l\u00e0ng ch\u00e0i. Khi c\u00f3 b\u00e3o, \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 \u1edf nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m cho h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<p>Yersin kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft cho m\u1eb9, \u201cM\u1eb9 h\u1ecfi con c\u00f3 th\u00edch ng\u00e0nh y kh\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Con r\u1ea5t vui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1edd con kh\u00e1m, nh\u01b0ng con kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn y h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ngh\u1ec1, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Con coi y h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 thi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5. \u0110\u00f2i ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 r\u1eb1ng: ti\u1ec1n hay m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yersin tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, y\u00eau qu\u00fd h\u1ecd,[75] v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n Yersinia pestis \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh Yersin, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba danh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, Nha Trang, \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t,Th\u1ee7 D\u1ea7u M\u1ed9t v\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh Yersin.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ecda l\u1ea1c b\u00ean trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Nha Trang l\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Yersin, n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Yersin.[82] C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Yersin n\u1eb1m d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Nha Trang, v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Yersin cao 4m, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Yersin t\u1ea1i Su\u1ed1i D\u1ea7u (c\u00e1ch Nha Trang 20 km) h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng. Theo t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau qu\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n x\u00e2y cho \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfu th\u1edd. N\u0103m 1990, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9 Yersin \u1edf Su\u1ed1i D\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Yersin \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Nha Trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia; \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p duy nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ea5p Qu\u1ed1c gia cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i\u201d. L\u00e0ng T\u00e2n X\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Su\u1ed1i D\u1ea7u c\u00f2n th\u1edd c\u00fang \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ho\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p>Lyc\u00e9e Yersin,<br class=\"autobr\" \/>nay l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t.<br class=\"autobr\" \/>M\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng &#8211; kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1927 v\u00e0 khai gi\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1935 &#8211; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u00ean Yersin \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh \u00f4ng. Lyc\u00e9e Yersin (nay l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t. T\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Yersin, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 2004, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yersin.<\/p>\n<p>Yersin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u B\u1ed9i tinh, hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cao qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1934, sau khi Pasteur, Roux, v\u00e0 Calmette qua \u0111\u1eddi, Yersin &#8211; ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong nh\u00f3m Pasteur &#8211; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Paris, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean Ban Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdp. N\u0103m 1940, Yersin v\u1ec1 th\u0103m Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Peste et chol\u00e9ra (D\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ed5 t\u1ea3) c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Patrick Deville n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Yersin \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Femina n\u0103m 2012. H\u1ed9i \u00c1i m\u1ed9 Yersin, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1992 v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 700 h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Yersin, l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadn Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2013, nh\u00e2n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 150 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y sinh c\u1ee7a Yersin, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty B\u01b0u ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Paris, Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh hai m\u1eabu tem chung Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 Alexandre Yersin.[95][96] Ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2014, nh\u00e2n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 151 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y sinh c\u1ee7a Alexandre Yersin, t\u1ea1i Nha Trang di\u1ec5n ra l\u1ec5 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh truy t\u1eb7ng \u201cC\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam danh d\u1ef1\u201d cho Yersin, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp tem \u201cB\u00e1c s\u0129 Alexandre Yersin &#8211; ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n danh d\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexandre_Yersin\" class=\"spip_out\" rel=\"external\">https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexa&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alexandre Yersin l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch, nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed h\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai Lang Bian (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t), ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y canh-ki-na v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n cao su&#8230; Alexandre Yersin \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng vi\u00ean m\u00e3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.. .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":29660,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[76],"tags":[79],"class_list":["post-30060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nha-truong","tag-alexandre-yersin-vi"],"modified_by":"LFAY","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alexandre-yersin-institutpasteur_46576.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30060","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30060"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30060\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30407,"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30060\/revisions\/30407"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30060"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lfay.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}